A
AAA
See authentication, authorization, and accounting (AAA).
AAAC
See all aluminum alloy conductor (AAAC).
AAA server
See Authentication Authorization Accounting (AAA) server.
AAD
See Azure Active Directory (AAD).
AAE file
See advanced AMR export (AAE) file.
ABC analysis
An inventory categorization method that groups inventory items into three categories (A, B, and C). Categories are based on item value and estimated importance within an organization, with A items identified as the most valuable and important, and C items identified as least valuable and important.
ABE
abnormal peak day (APD)
A statistical planning standard defined as the coldest temperature that will be exceeded every 90 years, on average.
Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1)
An international standard for classifying data structures. It specifies 27 data types with tag values starting with 1; for example, Boolean (1), integer (2), and bit string (3). ASN.1 uses additional rules to designate physical data. The primary set is the Basic Encoding Rules (BER), which are often considered synonymous with ASN.1. ASN.1 is widely used in ground and cellular telecommunications as well as in aviation.
AC
accelerometer
A microelectromechanical system (MEMS) used to detect and measure acceleration. Smart meters may contain accelerometers to facilitate tamper and theft detection.
access charge
A charge to an energy service provider (or its customer) for access to a utility’s transmission or distribution system. Access charges are imposed on utilities by the entities who own the transmission or distribution wires between the utility and the customer.
access control
Maps the identity of a user to a set of access rules to enforce the appropriate access rights. Itron prefers the RBAC access control mechanism (role-based access control) because it tends to reduce the complexity and cost of security administration in large network applications.
access control list (ACL)
A table that describes the access each user or group of users has to each system object. The list includes data associated with a file, directory, or other network resource and defines the permissions that users, groups, processes, or devices have for accessing it.
access control server (ACS)
A Cisco® high-performance server that operates as a centralized Terminal Access Controller Access-Control System Plus (TACACS+) or Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service (RADIUS) server. It extends access security by combining authentication, user access, and administrator access with policy control within a centralized identity networking solution.
Access Point (AP)
A gateway device that performs the function of communicating over both a wide area network (WAN) and the neighborhood area network (NAN) and that provides advanced utility networking services, including addressing, routing/switching, health information, network time, security, and encryption.
See also alternate Access Point (AP), primary Access Point (AP), and secondary Access Point (AP).
access point name (APN)
A virtual routing instance that connects a general packet radio service (GPRS) mobile network and another computer network.
access token
A unique security string needed to access a system resource. Possession of a token is accepted by a system as proof that the holder has been authorized to access the resource indicated by the token. The token may denote an identifier used to retrieve the authorization information (reference token) or may self-contain the authorization information in a verifiable manner. See also Tenant Management.
account
A contractual relationship between a residential or commercial customer and the utility company where the customer agrees to purchase metered resources from the utility.
ACE300 Range
A meter series that has a dual-disc design ensuring high measurement accuracy and excellent long-term stability. ACE300 meters are particularly suitable for residential applications with asymmetric (DIN) or symmetric (UTE) connection standards using a single- or double-rate structure.
ACE6000
A four-quadrant load profiling meter ideally suited to the commercial & industrial (C&I) market.
ACE6000 DC4
A multifunction polyphase electronic meter that provides integrated energy measurement in up to four quadrants for commercial & industrial (C&I) applications.
ACE8000 FAS
A filter designed to permit an independent power producer to connect to the multi vendor (MV) distribution network by efficiently filtering ripple control signals.
ACE8000 Receiver
A universal ripple control receiver that can be configured for any application and is compatible with any existing system.
ACE8000 Ripple Control
A communication system using the electrical network for demand side management purposes, such as tariff switching, direct and dynamic load control or street lighting control.
ACE8000 Transmitter
A transmitter composed of a series or parallel coupling circuit for insulation towards the network and adaptation of the injection rate, a generator producing the ripple control frequency with the necessary power, and a control console issuing the control commands.
ACE9000 IBS
A footprint keypad meter targeted at utilities that want to effortlessly upgrade their conventional electromechanical meters to keypad prepayment.
ACE9000 ISP
An integrated single-phase prepayment meter in the ACE9000 product range.
ACE9000 ITP
An integrated three phase, repayment meter to the ACE9000 product range of prepayment electricity meters from Itron.
ACE9000 SSP DIN-R PLC
A split single-phase DIN rail power line communications (SSP DIN-R PLC) meter is a compact DIN rail mounted 100A, class 1 accuracy prepayment meter using PLC technology for communication between the meter control unit (MCU) and customer interface unit (CIU).
ACE AIMS-PRO
A configuration software that allows the meter's functions to be made available for meeting the customer's operational needs. The companion to Actaris' C&I and T&D meter ranges (ACE SL7000, ACE6000, ACE8000).
ACE Eclipse Revenue Collector
A system for online vending, customer, meter, and location management system. The full-service architecture provides a graphical user interface through a standard web browser, over a host of communication channels.
Ace Pilot
A product name. ACE Pilot is the European equivalent of OpenWay Tools. This tool is used to create configurations for Galvani meters. These configurations are then embedded as XML within the configuration of the FSM device.
ACE SL7000
A meter ideally suited to commercial, industrial, and substation applications with a large installed base around the world.
ACE SL7000 DTM
The Distribution Transformer Monitor (DTM) meter provides accuracy over the entire current range of the transformer. Using Rogowski coils, the range of current measurement of the DTM is from 30A to 3000A per phase.
ACE Sparklet
A compact modem that is dedicated to large-scale commercial & industrial (C&I) applications.
ACE Sparkline
An intelligent modem based on a communication module and an internal micro-controller that handles all parameters required for transparent data transfer.
ACE Sphere
A software tool designed to facilitate programming of the ACE1000, ACE2000, ACE3000 and ACE5000 range of electronic residential meters from Itron. The software is also able to read and store meter instantaneous billing and historical data.
ACE Vision
An automatic meter reading (AMR) system that has evolved to enable industrial and network management applications.
ACK
See acknowledgment (ACK).
acknowledgment (ACK)
A message sent between communicating processes or computers to indicate that a block of data arrived at its destination without error.
ACL
See access control list (ACL).
ACSE
See Association Control Service Element (ACSE).
ACT
See Adaptive Communications Technology.
Actaris Metering Systems
Actaris Metering Systems was a world leader in the design and manufacture of meters and associated systems for the electricity, gas, water, and heat markets. Itron acquired Actaris in 2007.
ACT coupler unit (ACU)
Mounts outside the connected grid router (CGR) and couples the CGR ACT Module (CAM) to the power lines.
Action Manager (AM)
A software application which enables customers to manage the resolution of all types of AMI incidents at scale. Examples of management features include the ability to receive externally-detected exceptions and, according to a set of priority rules, progress those faults through a workflow to ensure the problems are resolved.
activation
The process of enabling a cellular modem or SIM card so that the associated device may transmit and receive data over a cellular network.
Active Directory (AD)
A Microsoft® directory service that manages network administration and security in a Windows domain network.
Active Directory Application Mode (ADAM)
A lightweight directory access protocol (LDAP) -compliant directory service used for building directory-enabled applications. See also Active Directory (AD).
active key
The variable value in a key pair that a system actively uses for communication. The active key cannot normally be changed or rolled over. Only one key from a pair can be active. The other key from the pair is in standby state and held in inactive until needed. Then, it must be set to the active state to be used by the system. See also standby key.
active key status
Of the key types that are provided in pairs, the status of the key that is actively in use by the system for communications while the second key of the pair is held in standby until needed. Key statuses can be toggled between active and standby by the system administrator.
In OpenWay, the key status (active or standby) has meaning only to the decryption and key update server (DKUS). Key status means nothing to the OpenWay Collection Engine or devices (cell relays, meters, and others).
Active Monitor
An application used to test features of other components to ensure they are up and working. It is bundled with Advanced Metering Manager (AMM) application.
Active Premise Load Shedding (APLS)
A solution that allows utilities to quickly shed load on targeted meters that meet their scale, security, and equity requirements.
Active Server Pages (ASP)
A Microsoft server-based script engine that dynamically generates webpages. Also called Classic ASP or ASP Classic. ASP.NET supersedes ASP.
ACT PLC Coupler
See Adaptive Communications Technology Power Line Carrier Coupler.
actual peak load reductions
The actual reduction in annual peak load (in kilowatts) achieved by consumers in a utility demand-side management (DSM) program such as HAN Communications Manager (HCM).
ACU
AD
ADAM
See Active Directory Application Mode (ADAM).
Adapta-Link
Itron's work order configuration tool for use with Service Link. This software enables a utility company to rapidly create and modify work orders for different types of service.
Adaptive Communications Technology
A technology that incorporates both radio frequency (RF) and power-line carrier (PLC) onto one chip set. Adaptive Communications Technology (ACT) allows an endpoint to dynamically change its communication media and modulation to the fastest and most reliable available, based on its location, network operating conditions, and the criticality of the application data.
See also Adaptive Communications Technology Power Line Carrier Coupler.
Adaptive Communications Technology Power Line Carrier Coupler
An external unit that couples the Power Line Carrier (PLC) communication links between the 3-phase mains and the OpenWay Riva Adaptive Communications Module installed in the Connected Grid Router (CGR). Also known as ACT PLC Coupler.
Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA)
A Cisco® appliance that provides user and application policy enforcement, multi-vector attack protection, and secure connection services. The appliance also provides integrated security and network services for advanced application-aware firewall services, voice-over-Internet protocol (VoIP), and multimedia applications.
ADC
See analog-to-digital converter.
add-in
A third-party software component that can be installed with a host application to enable customizations and extended functionality.
ADE
ADSL
See asymmetric digital subscriber line (ASDL).
advanced AMR export (AAE) file
A file containing completed route information that the Itron Host Processor (IHP) sends to the customer information system (CIS) or to the Itron Enterprise Edition (IEE) Meter Data Management (MDM) system.
Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)
A National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)-standard cryptographic cipher that uses a block length of 128 bits and key lengths of 128, 192, or 256 bits.
advanced meter
An electric meter that is capable of measuring and recording usage data in time differentiated registers. The meter allows electric consumers, suppliers, and service providers to participate in price-based demand response (DR) programs and provides data and functionality to address power quality issues. Also known as a smart meter.
advanced metering
See advanced meter.
advanced metering infrastructure (AMI)
A utility metering and communications system that leverages two-way communication between a utility company and smart energy management devices, including smart meters, thermostats, and other energy management devices. AMI provides utility companies real-time consumption data, and provides customers detailed usage data. AMI systems support capabilities such as load control, time-of-use and critical-peak pricing, and outage and restoration reporting.
An AMI system consists of the following components:
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Smart meters that collect and store interval consumption data, interface with, and collect and store data from other devices, such as other meters. Smart meters can also initiate and respond to two-way communications with the utility.
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Home gateway devices that communicate with and control energy-using appliances throughout the home, and can communicate with the utility.
-
A network over which smart meters, home gateway devices, and other AMI components execute two-way communications to transmit data and commands between the utility and the home.
-
A meter data management (MDM) system to which the collected data is delivered. MDM systems can interface with other utility systems, such as customer information systems (CISs), outage management systems (OMSs), and workforce management systems (WMSs).
Advanced Metering Manager (AMM) application
An advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) application that provides meter device lifecycle management, which enables the collection of advanced metering information. AMM is comprised of the following components: database (DB), Global Meter Reader (GMR), and Middle Tier (MT). AMM's web-based interface allows utility operators to configure groups, schedules, and exports across a variety of electricity and gas devices, which enables the collection, management, and analysis of consumption, time of use, interval data, power quality measures, and status logs.
AMM is one of several components that make up UtilityIQ software. See also MPC and Firmware Upgrader (FWU).
Advanced Pressure Management
See Advanced Water Management.
Advanced Water Management
A solution which enables users to automatically and continuously optimize pressure across the network, based on the current demand patterns and operating characteristics of that area of the network. The architecture of Itron Smart Pressure Management solutions is built around enterprise class software-based services, combined with highly intelligent loggers and controllers in the network to monitor network performance and control assets such as PRVs (Pressure Reducing Valves) and pumps. Also known as Advanced Pressure Management and Smart Pressure Management.
advance shipping notice (ASN)
A notification of pending deliveries (similar to a packing list) that is transmitted in electronic format.
AEMO
See Australian Energy Market Operator (AEMO).
AEP meter barcode
See American Electric Power (AEP) meter barcode.
AES
See Advanced Encryption Standard (AES).
affiliate
A company that is controlled by or has the same owner as another company, such as a utility and a non- regulated energy services company owned by the same holding company.
aggregation
The combining together of multiple load profiles into a single load profile. The single load profile represents the total fluid use, in each of the time intervals, in the load profiles included in the aggregation.
aggregation coefficient
A multiplication factor applied to load profile values before the values are combined with other load profiles in an aggregation.
Aggregation Services Router (ASR)
A Cisco® edge router running the IOS® XE operating system. This operating system incorporates software virtualization that provides high availability for multiple services, such as a firewall, Internet Protocol Security (IPsec), and virtual private network (VPN).
aggregator
An entity in the energy marketplace that organizes residential or business customers into a buying group for purchasing energy. Depending upon the status of deregulation in a given state, an investor-owned utility, public power company, or rural electric cooperative may perform this function in today’s energy market.
Other entities such as buyer cooperatives or brokers may perform this function in a restructured energy market.
aggressive discovery
The method by which nodes first discover neighboring nodes. After selecting a time slot and channel, each node goes into aggressive discovery by sending a neighbor discovery packet as it cycles through its epoch. See also neighbor table.
AH
See authentication header (AH).
AIB
See application information broker (AIB).
AJAX
See Asynchronous JavaScript and XML (AJAX).
alarm
A message sent using an automatic data collection system, indicating such conditions as abnormal usage, meter tampering, and power outages.
algorithm
A step-by-step procedure for solving a problem. Algorithms are commonly associated with computer operations.
all aluminum alloy conductor (AAAC)
A type of high-capacity, high-strength stranded conductor, made from one or more strands of aluminum alloy.
Allmess
A German water meter.
ALOHA
A type of time division multiple access (TDMA) transmission system developed by the University of Hawaii, used for satellite and terrestrial radio links. In the traditional ALOHA system, packets are transmitted as required, and like Ethernet's CSMA / CD method, collisions can occur. A slotted ALOHA system triggers transmission starts by a clock and reduces the number of collisions.
ALRS
See automatic loop restoration scheme (ALRS).
ALS
See automatic loop scheme (ALS).
alternate Access Point (AP)
Another reliable Access Point (AP) that can be used by the endpoint device.
alternating current (AC)
A type of electrical current in which the electrical charge alternates between positive and negative. The rate of change between polarities is measured in Hertz (Hz), or cycles per second. Devices powered by alternating current include three electrical wires of different polarities: negative, positive, and neutral (or ground).
Conversely, direct current (DC) implements a two-wire circuit where the electrical charge travels in one direction. One wire is always negative and the other is positive.
AM
See Action Manager (AM).
Amazon Web Service® (AWS®) IoT Cloud
Provides on-demand cloud computing platforms and APIs. These cloud computing web services provide distributed computing processing capacity and software tools via AWS server farms.
ambient temperature
The atmospheric temperature surrounding a device or component.
AMCL
See appliance message client library (AMCL).
American Electric Power (AEP) meter barcode
A 17-character meter label format that is a unique identifier for every electric meter in the United States. Developed by American Electric Power (AEP), the AEP barcode follows ANSI C12.10 requirements.
American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
A standards organization that administers the standardization and conformity assessment system used in the U.S. and around the world. When ANSI adopts a standard, it disseminates a code to identify the standard.
See also ANSI C12.18, ANSI C12.19, and ANSI C12.22.
American Wire Gauge (AWG)
The standardized wire gauge system for the diameters of round, solid, nonferrous electrical wire.
AMI
See advanced metering infrastructure (AMI).
AMI Billing Export (ABE)
An Itron Enterprise Edition (IEE) Meter Data Unification and Synchronization (MDUS) subsystem. ABE is IEE’s high-volume billing export subsystem.
AMI Data Export (ADE)
An Itron Enterprise Edition (IEE) Meter Data Unification and Synchronization (MDUS) high-volume export process subsystem. ADE exports large volumes of data in a fast, proficient manner. ADE hosts a separate Export Dispatcher application service, task templates that can be used to run the export, a graphical user interface (GUI) for monitoring and working with exports, and an ADE Trend Report user interface to view summary information about the export.
AMI Endpoint
A wall-mount booster that can be connected through three-wire cabling to Interpreter Register-enabled water meters, specifically those located in challenging environments.
AMI Essentials (Electric, Combo) NAM
A solution that enables smart grid transformation in the public power sector and provides all the necessary components to realize operational value now and form the foundation for future services and use cases.
AMI Essentials (Water) APAC
A solution that helps customers address the design, deployment, and operational challenges of water management.
AMI Essentials (Water, Gas) NAM
A solution powered by Temetra, Itron’s bundled cellular advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) solution for small- and medium-sized water and gas utilities that are less than 100,000 Itron cellular 500G/500W endpoints.
AMI Operations Management
A solution that provides the tools, integrated with state-of-the-art data management applications, to deliver accurate functional capabilities that enhance advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) operational efficiencies while managing and operating these systems at scale.
AMI Readings Import (ARI)
An Itron Enterprise Edition (IEE) Meter Data Unification and Synchronization (MDUS) high-volume meter reading import subsystem. ARI processes collect meter readings for the previous calendar day, then validates, estimates, and imports those readings into IEE.
AMM
See Advanced Metering Manager (AMM) application.
AMMWSRoute
An Itron component that allows Advanced Metering Manager (AMM) application users to route web service calls for AMM. It provides the public API and serves the WSDL and XSD files needed by integration tooling and routes public and legacy API calls. It is required by AMM.
ampacity
The current-carrying capacity of a conductor (expressed in amperes) under stated thermal conditions. Different materials have different limits of ampacity, depending upon the temperature at which they are run, and those limits are set by the National Electrical Code (NEC).
ampere (A)
The practical unit of electric current. One ampere is the current caused to flow through a resistance of one ohm when one volt is impressed across the resistor.
ampere-hour (Ah)
A current of one ampere flowing for one hour.
AMR
See automated meter reading (AMR).
AMT
analog-to-digital converter
A device that performs the conversion from an analog signal to a digital signal. Typically referring to voltage, an ADC performs a process to change the continuous analog signal to a digital signal, or digital number, that represents the signal's amplitude.
annunciator
A label or symbol on the meter display that identifies particular quantities displayed for a register. The OpenWay CENTRON Meter, for example, uses LCD annunciators to indicate phase-voltage for each phase (VA, VB, VC), nominal voltage (120 and 240), and load/direction.
anode
An anode is an electrode through which conventional current flows into a polarized electrical device. In a battery or galvanic cell, the anode is the negative electrode from which electrons flow out towards the external part of the circuit.
In electrochemistry, the anode is where oxidation occurs and is the positive polarity contact in an electrolytic cell. At the anode, anions, which are negative ions, are forced by the electrical potential to react chemically and give off electrons (oxidation) which then flow up and into the driving circuit.
ANSI
See American National Standards Institute (ANSI).
ANSI C12.11
The ANSI protocol for instrument transformers for revenue metering—10 kV BIL (impulse insulation level) through 350 kV BIL. This standard covers general requirements for metering accuracy, thermal ratings, and transformer and inductively coupled transformer dimensions for revenue metering, 10 kV basic lightning BIL through 350 kV BIL for 0.6 kV nominal system voltage through 69 kV NSV.
ANSI C12.18
The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) protocol used to transport data through the optical ports used on most North American electricity meters.
ANSI C12.19
The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) protocol that defines the table structure for utility application data to be passed between an end device and a computer.
ANSI C12.22
A subclass of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) C12 family of meter communication and data standards. The C12.22 application layer protocol enables the transport of C12.19 data tables over any network medium.
Itron OpenWay systems use the C12.22 protocol for meter-level communications at all levels below the IP cell relay.
ANSI class
A rating assigned to electric meters by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) to indicate a meter's ability to safely conduct electrical current. For example, an ANSI rating of 200 (written as CL 200) represents the meter's capability of channeling 200 amperes of continuous electrical current without sustaining damage.
antenna
Antennas improve the capacity of the mesh network. Itron has antenna models optimized to work in a variety of indoor or outdoor installations. Examples include rubber duck antenna, , and low-profile disc antenna (hockey puck)
AnyQuest
A mobile data collection solution comprised of multiple components working together to create and collect enhanced data. It includes high performance radio modules, rugged handheld terminals, user-friendly mobile reading, and PC software to transfer data from and to the central systems.
AnyQuest Cyble Enhanced
A high-performance radio module that opens the way to a new generation of modules offering benefits of unprecedented functionality within a mobile data collection system.
AnyQuest EverBlu Pulse Enhanced
A module designed to fulfill the requirement to easily connect any meter with pulse output to the Itron automated meter reading (AMR) and advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) systems.
AP
See Access Point (AP).
APA
See application protocol adapter (APA).
Apache HTTP Server
Free public-domain web server software. The original version of Apache was written for UNIX, but there are now versions that run under OS/2 and Windows.
APD
APDU
See application protocol data unit (APDU).
API
See Application Programming Interface (API) Manager.
API resource
An entity provisioned as an application within the Itron Identity Service. An API resource can be used as a scope to request privileges within access tokens for protected API resources. See also Tenant Management
APLS
See Active Premise Load Shedding (APLS).
APN
apparent power
Total power in an alternating current (AC) circuit, both dissipated and absorbed/returned. Apparent power is symbolized by the letter S and is measured in volt amps (VA). Apparent power is the vector summation of both true power and reactive power.
The following figure is called the Power Triangle. The Power Triangle relates true (P), reactive (Q), and apparent power (S) in trigonometric form.
appliance
A security hardware device. Appliance is often used in the phrase Certicom appliance or security appliance. Appliance can have multiple meanings. When the term appliance appears as Certicom appliance or security appliance, the term does not refer to a common household appliance such as an oven or refrigerator.
appliance message client library (AMCL)
A Certicom AMI solution software component that provides simple application program interfaces (APIs) to encode and decode messages. The OpenWay Collection Engine (CE) uses AMCL to format and deliver messages to the OpenWay signing and encryption server (SES) and to the decryption and key update server (DKUS).
application
In the context of Tenant Management, an independent entity within Identity Server that acts as a parent container for one or more clients, claims, claimsets, or API resources.
application client
An identity created for a computer or a program that requests data, files, or services or accesses shared network resources. See also Tenant Management.
application group
A user-defined meter category that enables synchronized operations to be performed on all meters in the group, rather than consecutive operations on each meter. Meters can be included in up to six application groups, but are not required to be included in a group.
application information broker (AIB)
An Itron software product with a set of programming interfaces that allows multiple entities or departments to access and subscribe to collected data.
application layer security
The protection of the application layer by means of a secure association between the applications and field devices, allowing the applications to access data or execute a command against the device. Sometimes called V2 security at Itron after the first version of firmware that incorporated keykeep files for application layer security.
application programming interface (API)
A source code-based specification used as an interface by software components to communicate with each other, similar to the way a user interface facilitates interaction between humans and computers. An API may include specifications for routines, data structures, object classes, protocols, and variables. Itron software products implement APIs to allow interaction with other software, which use the APIs to request services from or exercise features of the Itron software.
Application Programming Interface (API) Manager
The OpenWay Collection Engine application that supports service requests from system programs.
application protocol adapter (APA)
A package of compiled .NET assemblies that are used to construct commands to be sent to Itron Security Manager (ISM) before signing.
application protocol data unit (APDU)
A message protocol used to transfer application information between two entities. Also called application layer protocol data unit.
application protocol module (APM) daemon
A Certicom application programming interface (API) component in the OpenWay signing and encryption server (SES) that provides secure communication between the SES and the OpenWay Collection Engine (CE).
application role
In the context of Tenant Management, a set of privileges assigned to an application user within the Itron Identity Service.
application title (ApTitle)
The C12.22 network address for a cell relay, used to identify the relay as the source or destination of C12.22 messages.
ApplicationServices (AppServ)
A code package that operates alongside the meter firmware on DI-capable meters. AppServ provides the means of communication with DI agents using subscriptions and permissions.
approved supplier list (ASL)
A list that many organizations maintain, used to identify qualified suppliers of materials or services. Organizations often evaluate aspects of potential suppliers' business, such as financial and quality assurance practices, to determine eligibility. After a supplier is added to an organization's ASL, the organization may often reevaluate the supplier's eligibility, as a part of supplier performance management.
Also called approved vendor list (AVL).
approved vendor list (AVL)
A list that many organizations maintain, used to identify qualified suppliers of materials or services. Organizations often evaluate aspects of potential suppliers' business, such as financial and quality assurance practices, to determine eligibility. After a supplier is added to an organization's approved supplier list (ASL), the organization may often reevaluate the supplier's eligibility, as a part of supplier performance management.
Also called approved supplier list (ASL).
AppServ
See ApplicationServices (AppServ).
ApTitle
See application title (ApTitle).
Aquadis+
A diffused volumetric-type water meter with a compact design that provides outstanding accuracy performance. It achieves typical starting flow of 1 L/h and an extended dynamic range up to R800.
Aquadis+ Composite
A piston-type volumetric cold-water meter approved in accordance with Measurement Instrument Directive (MID) and designed for the best metering in residential applications.
Aquadis+ DN15
A volumetric piston meter for residential cold-water metering.
Aquadis+ DN20
A volumetric water meter designed for residential large consumers applications.
Aquadis+ Hot Water
A residential volumetric piston meter dedicated to hot water up to 90°C metering.
Aquadis+ PE
A water meter especially designed to provide reliable and accurate measurement in cold and hot water.
Aquadis+ / TD8
A piston-type water meter suitable for clean water conditions in residential and commercial environments.
Arduino board
An open hardware development board that can be used to design and build devices. See also Arduino sketch.
Arduino libraries
Arduino allows code to be placed in libraries. A library is a set of C++ files located in a folder with the name of the library. The location of the library folder is usually called libraries and is located in the Arduino folder.
Arduino sketch
A program written using Arduino software and uploaded to and run on an Arduino board. See also Arduino board.
argument
The actual input supplied to a function call.
Also known as parameter.
ARI
See AMI Readings Import (ARI).
arrestor
A protective device that limits power surges to electrical equipment by discharging or diverting them. Arrestors can be designed to limit power surges from various sources. For example, spark, flame, and lightning arrestors can be used to protect the power lines between the utility and the customer.
ASA
See Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA).
ASL
See approved supplier list (ASL).
ASN
See advance shipping notice (ASN).
ASN.1
See Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1).
ASP
See Active Server Pages (ASP).
See Average Selling Price (ASP).
ASP.NET®
A Microsoft® framework for building dynamic websites, web applications, and web services.
ASR
See Aggregation Services Router (ASR).
assignment
A collection of work orders or meter data collection tasks given to a specific user, field service representative (FSR), or other technician.
associate
In , a verb meaning to link a device with an Energy Services Interface (ESI) but without joining it. A device can become associated also if it is unjoined from an ESI or if a permit join has failed for the device. See also join.
Association Control Service Element (ACSE)
The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) method for establishing a call between two application programs. ACSE checks the identities and contexts of the application entities, and can apply an authentication security check.
ACSE is the message format (frame) used for Extended Protocol Specification for Electric Metering (ESPEM) protocol messages that are carried on OpenWay radio-frequency local area networks (RFLANs).
Assumed Meter Time (AMT)
A feature that allows the OpenWay CENTRON Meter to continue operating despite a depleted battery. Meters go into AMT mode when they power up after an outage. Meters exit AMT mode and return to normal operation when they synchronize with the network and attain network time.
asymmetric digital subscriber line (ASDL)
A technology for transmitting digital information at a high bandwidth on existing phone lines to homes and businesses. ADSL provides a continuously available connection. ADSL is asymmetric in that it uses the majority\ of the channel to transmit downstream to the user and only a small part of the channel to receive information from the user. ADSL simultaneously accommodates analog and digital information on the same line. ADSL is generally offered at downstream data rates from 512 Kbps to about 6 Mbps. A form of ADSL, known as universal ADSL or G.lite, has been approved as a standard by the ITU-TS.
asymmetric key encryption
A cryptographic system that uses a key pair—a public key and a mathematically related private key. The public key can be shared and is used to encrypt the data. The private key is known only to the recipient of the encrypted message and is used to decrypt it. This system enables users of unsecured networks to securely exchange data.
Also called public key encryption.
asynchronous
Of or related to a process that operates independently of other processes. In asynchronous communication between computers, the computers do not use timing to determine where transmissions begin and end.
Asynchronous JavaScript and XML (AJAX)
A group of client-side web development techniques for creating asynchronous web applications. AJAX techniques enable the exchange of data between a webpage and a server in the background without interfering with the display or the behavior of the page. This allows user interaction without the need to reload the entire page.
asynchronous signal
A signal that occurs without a corresponding request for that signal. A last gasp (LG) from an electricity meter is an example of an asynchronous signal.
ATE
See automatic test equipment (ATE).
atmospheric pressure
Measure of the weight of the air above the earth at a given place on the earth's surface. At sea level, atmospheric pressure is approximately 101.325 pascals.
ATP
See available-to-promise (ATP).
attenuation
The decrease in amplitude of a signal during its transmission from one point to another.
attribute
A markup construct that consists of a name/value pair that exists within a start tag or an empty-element tag. An attribute is often referred to as metadata that describes or defines a property of an element.
For example, the following XML shows an element called meter that has an attribute called type and another attribute called active.
<meter type=”electric” active=”true”>
The type attribute value describes the type of meter that is represented in the database by the meter element. The active attribute value defines whether the meter is active or inactive within the meter network.
audit engine
An Itron Field Deployment Manager (FDM) software component that automates selection of work orders to be audited and generates the corresponding audit work orders.
Australian Energy Market Operator (AEMO)
An independent, member-based organization, which operates the National Electricity Market (NEM), retail, and wholesale gas markets in southeastern Australia.
authentication
The process of verifying the identity of a user, process, or device before releasing resources within an information system. Implementation may require basic credentials (such as a username and password), smart cards, authentication servers, or a public key infrastructure.
Authentication Authorization Accounting (AAA) server
The network server used for access control in a Cisco® RF Mesh-based system. The AAA server identifies users (authentication), implements policies that determine which resources and services a valid user can access (authorization), and keeps track of time and data resources used for billing and analysis (accounting).
authentication, authorization, and accounting (AAA)
A set of protocols that mediate network access. For example, an AAA server identifies users using a process which entails verifying evidence of a digital identity, such as a digital certificate (authentication), and implements policies that determine which resources and services a valid user can access (authorization). Determined authorization is typically inherited during the authentication process, and refers to deciding if an entity has access restrictions, such as encryption. Accounting usually refers to keeping track of time and data resources used for billing and analysis (accounting).
authentication header (AH)
A member of the Internet Protocol Security (IPsec) protocol suite that guarantees IP packet connectionless integrity and data origin authentication. AH can utilize sliding window techniques to protect against replay attacks and to discard old packets.
authority
In the context of Tenant Management the service within the Itron Identity Service responsible for issuing, storing, and verifying truths about its subjects (such as the Identity Server).
authorization
The process of enabling the rights and abilities of an authenticated user.
auto associate
The act in which a Field Service Unit (FSU) automatically initiates a secure association (SA) with the meters that it discovers.
automated meter reading (AMR)
The collection of utility meter data through the use of Encoder/Receiver/Transmitter (ERT) modules that are connected to the meters, eliminating the need for field service representatives to physically inspect and read the meters. Additionally, ERT modules monitor and record related information such as meter tampering data.
Also called remote meter reading.
automatic loop restoration scheme (ALRS)
A special feeder automation scheme that is used by utilities to improve distribution system reliability. Also called automatic loop scheme (ALS).
automatic loop scheme (ALS)
A special feeder automation scheme that is used by utilities to improve distribution system reliability. Also called automatic loop restoration scheme (ALRS).
automatic meter reading (AMR)
The collection of utility meter data through the use of Encoder/Receiver/Transmitter (ERT) modules that are connected to the meters, eliminating the need for field service representatives to physically inspect and read the meters. Additionally, ERT modules monitor and record related information such as meter tampering data.
Also called remote meter reading.
automatic remote interrogation
Retrieval of data from meters at scheduled times over a communication link.
automatic test equipment (ATE)
One or more pieces of equipment that perform tests on a device, using automation to quickly perform measurements and evaluate the test results.
auto-refresh
The process by which a user interface automatically updates itself at preset intervals.
auto teardown
To have the Field Service Unit (FSU) automatically terminate the secure associations after a meter finishes testing. To improve network performance between the Secure FSU and tested meters, Itron recommends automatically tearing down the secure association (SA) with each device after testing is completed.
auxiliary work order
Audit and service work orders that specify additional work to be performed in connection with a primary work order.
available-to-promise (ATP)
A business process used in supply-chain management. ATP can be used to calculate product quantities, to provide responses to customer inquiries, and to coordinate the aspects of demand and order promising and fulfillment, such as quantity and delivery due date.
average revenue per kilowatt hour
Calculated as the total monthly revenue divided by the total monthly sales for each sector (residential, commercial, or industrial) and geographic area (state, census division, or national).
Average Selling Price (ASP)
The average price at which a particular product or commodity is sold across channels or markets.
AVL
See approved vendor list (AVL).
AWG
See American Wire Gauge (AWG).
AWS
See Amazon Web Service® (AWS®) IoT Cloud.
Axonic
A static ultrasonic flow meter adapted to the needs of district heating and cooling applications.
Azure Active Directory (AAD)
A Microsoft multi-tenant cloud directory service capable of authenticating security principals or working with other identity providers, such as Microsoft's Active Directory.