D
.dwg
A file name extension for computer-aided design (CAD) drawings; .dwg files are supported by TDS-Sketch and Draw mode.
DA
See Distribution Automation (DA).
See Distribution Automation (DA) Essentials.
daily freeze time (DFT)
The time each day when a water or electric module reads and records demand, time-of-use (TOU), and consumption interval data from the meter. The DFT meter reading is the reading at the top of the hour equal to or before the DFT.
daily peak
The greatest amount of electricity used during a certain period in a day, such as an hour, half-hour, or quarter hour.
daily read time (DRT)
The time each day when a telemetry module reads and transmits system information. For example, in a cathodic protection system, this is the time when the 100T-CP module reads the DC pipe-to-soil and AC voltages.
DALI
See Digital Addressable Lighting Interface (DALI).
dashboard
An interactive graphical user interface that displays a summary of the site's functionality. Clicking items on the dashboard employs filters that narrow the view from all to many or one. Can be the home page.
In some Itron applications, the word dashboard is synonymous with domain or workbench. A group of related views and functions within an application, accessible by clicking the applicable navigation pane button.
DASR
See direct access service request (DASR).
database administrator (DBA)
A person responsible for the physical design and management of a database and for the evaluation, selection, and implementation of the database management system. In most organizations, the database administrator and data administrator are the same person; however, when the two responsibilities are managed separately, the database administrator's function is more technical.
database (DB)
-
A collection of data, usually in digital form, that is typically organized to model relevant aspects of reality. The data is defined so that it can be reorganized and accessed in a number of different ways. The term database is correctly applied to the data and its supporting data structures, and not to the database management system (DBMS) that is used to create, maintain, and access the database.
-
A software component that—along with Global Meter Reader (GMR), Middle Tier (MT)—comprises Advanced Metering Manager (AMM) application. DB manages communications to the Oracle database.
database management system (DBMS)
A software application for the creation, maintenance, and use of databases. A DBMS controls data access, enforces data integrity, maintains database security, and provides data backup and restoration.
data blob
A packet of telemetry module status information sent in a daily bubble-up message. Status information varies by telemetry module type.
data collection device, meter
A computer used to record meter readings and related data. Data recordings can be done manually by a field worker or through an automated meter reading (AMR) or advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) system.
data collection, meter
The retrieval of meter readings, tamper data, status information, or related information from electric, gas, or water meters.
data collector user
A utility employee who performs work in the field, such as collecting data (meter reads), installing endpoints, performing service work, and so on.
Also called field worker, field employee, and meter reader.
DataHub
DataHub enables utilities and their customers to share utility data with third parties, and vice versa, through a simple, automated authorization and authentication process.
Data Encryption Standard (DES)
A symmetric-key algorithm for the encryption of digital data; a block cipher.
data logger
The component of a time-of-use (TOU) meter that records interval usage data.
data logging (noun), datalogging (adjective)
Collection of gas or water consumption data at frequent time intervals. Data is used to provide feedback on usage for billing dispute resolution, conservation efforts, and leak detection (water only). Itron endpoints that support data logging can collect and store up to 40 days of hourly interval or pulse data. The data collected can be reported as interval data, consumption reads (water only), or index values (electric only).
DataPower® Component
A component of IBM®’s Websphere® Enterprise Service Bus (ESB).
Data Transfer Agent (DTA)
Data Transfer Agent (DTA) provides routing and secure transport capabilities for data exported from Itron applications. DTA can be configured to consume data from JMS, File system or an HTTP/S endpoint. DTA can be configured to route data to intermediate transformation adapters or immediately send exported data to customer endpoints for ingestion into utility systems. This product was formerly bundled with SensorIQ Application.
daylight saving time (DST)
The practice of temporarily advancing clocks by one hour in the spring so afternoons have more daylight and mornings have less daylight.
day of flow
The day in which electricity deliveries are made, measured as the period beginning at midnight for the hour ending 0100 and ending at exactly the end of the 24-hour day.
dB
See decibel (dB).
DB
See database (DB).
DBA
See database administrator (DBA).
dBi
Decibel isotropic. The forward gain of an antenna compared with the hypothetical isotropic antenna, which uniformly distributes energy in all directions.
dBm/dBmW
A power ratio in decibels (dB) of the measured power referenced to one milliwatt (mW). It is used in radio, microwave, and fiber optic networks as a convenient measure of absolute power because it can express both very large and very small values in a short form. Some examples are: 0 dBm = 1 mW, 10 dBm = 10 mW, 24 dBm = 250 mW, 30 dBm = 1,000 mW (1 Watt).
DBMS
See database management system (DBMS).
D-Bus
A message-oriented middleware mechanism that allows communication between multiple processes running concurrently on the same machine.
DC
See direct current (DC).
DDK
See Distributed Intelligence Developer Key (DDK) meter.
dead area
Location from which effective transmission cannot be established because the transmitted signal is blocked by clutter. Also known as shadow.
dead head
A situation that occurs when the pump's discharge is closed either due to a blockage in the line or an inadvertently closed valve. At this point, the pump will go to its maximum shut-off head, the fluid will be recirculated within the pump resulting in overheating and possible damage.
debounce
A device or software that ensures that only one digital signal can be registered within the space of a given time (usually milliseconds).
decibel (dB)
A logarithmic unit of measurement that expresses the magnitude of radio power.
decimal degrees
A numerical way of expressing degrees, minutes, and seconds longitude from Greenwich, England and latitude from the equator: decimal degrees = degrees + (minutes / 60) + (seconds/ 3600)
Positive numbers indicate East longitude or North latitude. Negative numbers indicate West longitude or South latitude. For example, W 122° 28’, 39.3” longitude by N 37° 49’, 11.2 latitude expressed in decimal degrees is: -122.477583 longitude by 37.819778 latitude.
deciwatt (dW)
A unit of power equal to 10000 watts.
deciwatt hours (dWh)
A unit of energy equivalent to one Deciwatt (1 dW) of power expended for one hour.
declining block rate
An electricity billing rate that decreases across tiers with the customer's energy use.
decoding
A process of converting a meter consumption read from an ERT to a dial read. Decoding read data provides the granularity required for various use cases. Different use cases potentially require a slightly different unit of granularity. Decoding enables the responsible system component to accomplish specific use cases.
decrypt
To convert (decode) encrypted data (ciphertext) back into its original form (plaintext).
decryption and key update server (DKUS)
The service and/or dedicated appliance responsible for managing keys and decrypting messages sent from the meters to the OpenWay Collection Engine (CE). The DKUS generates, stores, and provides meter and system keys for meters upon registration and authentication. It manages key states for command, revocation, system, and meter keys, and communicates with the signing and encryption server (SES) using the DKUS daemon. The DKUS assigns multiple keys of each type to a meter: four meter keys and two of each other type of key. Only one key of each type (known as the active key) is in use at any given time. All other keys are in stand-by until activated.
DEECA
See Department of Energy, Environment and Climate Action (DEECA).
default
A data field value, parameter, or setting that is automatically selected by a software program. Typically, the user has the option to change default values.
DEH
See Distribution Equipment Hierarchy (DEH).
DEIP
See Distributed Energy Integration Program (DEIP).
delivery pressure
The gas pressure provided to the customer, which determines the customer’s piping and equipment sizes.
DEM
See distributed energy management.
demand
The highest requirement for power; that is, the amount of power required to satisfy the demand. There is no time element involved, and the highest requirement for power can occur in an instant. In practice, most demand meters measure the average peak demand over the 15- or 30-minute period. This definition of demand differs from the definition of energy in that energy is the usage of power over time whereas there is no time element in measuring demand. Demand is measured in kilowatts (kW) and energy is measured in kilowatt-hours (kWh).
For example, a demand for 100 kW continuous for an hour equals 100 kWh. If the demand rose to 400 kW continuously for the next hour, the demand for that hour equals 400 kWh. For the two-hour period, the demand is 400 kW because that is the highest requirement for power. The energy used is 500 kWh because that is the actual usage of power over time.
See also:
demand charge
See capacity charge.
demand delay
The configurable amount of time required before demand calculations are restarted after a power outage.
demand interval
The specified time over which demand is calculated.
demand limiting period
A configurable period during which demand for a specified electricity meter is limited to using a configurable amount of electricity. See also calculation delay and calculation period.
demand reset
The process of setting demand electricity meter peak demand registers to 0 (zero). Normally, a button on the meter is used for resetting. Itron customers can also use Advanced Metering Manager (AMM) application or Communications Module Utility (CMU) with a Field Service Unit (FSU) to reset the meters wirelessly.
demand response (DR)
A customer-side reduction in electricity consumption, used to modify the timing and/or quantity of demand on the power grid during peak usage times. Examples of demand response (DR) range from time of use (TOU) price rates for residential customers, to on-site power generation for those commercial & industrial (C&I) customers whom have the ability. Some uses of DR include, but are not limited to: avoiding brownouts; balancing a power grid's electricity consumption/production relationship; and lowering electricity prices during peak demand.
Refers to a set of time-dependent activities that reduce electricity use to improve grid reliability, manage costs, and encourage load shedding during times when the electric grid is near capacity or prices are high.
Fully automated demand response is initiated at a home, building, or facility through receipt of an external signal. The receipt of the signal initiates pre-programmed shedding strategies. Facility staff at each site pre-program the control systems to receive the signals.
Demand Response Enrollment (DRE) Portal
A web-based enrollment portal for utilities to enroll their customers in Demand Response programs. The site checks customers' eligibility, schedules installation appointments (when required), and synchronizes with the utility customer information system (CIS) application.
demand response event
A specific period when the demand response program administrator (ISO, utility) calls for load curtailment from its program participants.
demand response / load control (DRLC)
Refers to specific load reduction actions that utilities can take to reduce demand during peak periods.
Demand response can also use pricing incentives to accomplish these goals.
demand response management system (DRMS)
A system used by utility companies to manage their demand response (DR) programs including communications with smart meters, demand-side smart devices (such as HAN devices), Direct-to-Grid load control switches, and so on.
Demand Response Manager (DRM)
A software application that allows utilities to monitor and manage power consumption with the goal of reducing demand, particularly during peak periods. This application has been replaced by HAN Communications Manager (HCM).
demand response notification (DRN)
Used to alert customers (through an in-home display, or electronic notification) about pending or current peak rate periods.
demand shedding
Any means to reduce energy consumption during critical peak periods or to reschedule demand to alternative non-peak times, such as during the night. When demand is moved to non-peak times, this is also known as demand shifting.
demand shifting
See demand shedding.
demand-side management (DSM)
An industry term that refers to controlling energy usage on the customer/demand side of the meter, particularly to shift customer use away from periods of high electrical demand. Demand side management can include a broad array of systems and programs used by utilities to control a customer’s energy consumption, for example, fluorescent lighting, load control and smart thermostats. These fall into the general categories of conservation, load management, and fuel substitution.
Examples of DSM include communications with utility-company customers (such as those recommending that they offset use during upcoming peak-price events to save money) and enabling hardware and software. Itron supports, for example, programmable communicating thermostat (PCT),electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE), and load control switch (LCS) products that utility company customers can use as part of their DSM solutions.
demand subinterval
The smaller blocks of time that are used in rolling demand calculations.
demand threshold
A configured value that, when exceeded by calculated demand, initiates a contact closure, a log entry, or a phone home on event. Alternatively, the number of kW used as a threshold in demand limiting.
Department of Energy (DOE)
The United States federal agency that announces energy policies and acts as a principal advisor to the President of the United States on energy matters. The DOE manages research and development programs, the commercialization of energy technologies, and the associated environmental, regulatory, and defense programs.
Department of Energy, Environment and Climate Action (DEECA)
A government department in Australia.
depersonalizing
Removing the certificate and credits from a Field Service Unit (FSU) to make it available for another user or purpose.
deprovision
See unjoin.
DER
See Distributed Energy Resource (DER).
deregulation
The elimination of regulation from a previously regulated industry or sector of an industry.
DERMS
See Distributed Energy Resource Management System (DERMS).
DER Optimizer
See Distributed Energy Resource Optimizer (DER Optimizer).
DES
See Data Encryption Standard (DES).
Design Failure Modes Effects and Analysis (DFMEA)
A type of Failure Modes Effects and Analysis (FMEA), which looks at failures in the product design process and helps with the implementation of design controls.
desk dock
A hardware device that provides storage, communications, and battery charging for a handheld data collection device in an office environment. Also called a cradle.
desktop user
A utility employee who performs work in the office and works directly with the application software to create routes, work orders, and assignments. Desktop users are responsible for creating daily assignments, assigning work orders and routes, and exporting information to collectors. They may also work with reports. Roles could include those of a supervisory and/or dispatcher capacity.
details pane
One of several panes that make up an application’s main window in some software user interfaces. The details pane contains the data fields, settings, or other information contained in the record or other item selected in the contents pane.
device
Hardware containing a network interface card (NIC). Meters can be electric, gas, or water.
device class
A configuration parameter that defines the type of meter type, such as OpenWay CENTRON Advanced Polyphase Meter.
device command log
An XML-formatted file used by the FDM mobile application to record all information sent to and received from the endpoint. Recorded data includes the date and time of each endpoint operation, the operation duration, the ID of the FSR who performed the operation and the mobile device that was used.
device ID
A unique identifier that is programmed into a device and used by the device to identify itself to a system. Programming options must be configured to prompt you to enter the device ID when initialized.
Device Information Service (DIS)
A shared software platform service for handling meter configurations, distribution equipment relationships, and information responsible for keeping other software systems configuration data in sync. DIS is responsible for handling scenarios such as consumer move in and move out, meter/device swap, and meter to transformer relationship changes as well as auditing data across other software systems.
Device Language Message Specification (DLMS)
An application layer protocol for a messaging and transportation method that communicates between the meter and Itron applications. Used with the data modeling provided by Companion Specification for Energy Metering (COSEM) as a standard for utility meter data exchange for DLMS/COSEM meters.
Device Management Service (DMS)
A software component used for sharing information between applications. A central repository of critical device data, DMS enables deployment of non-metering applications without needing to rely on the Itron application database.
device states
Device status. The states that apply to devices in an Itron network are of two types: administrative states and operational states. Administrative states result from user or system input, including provisioning device data, installing new devices on the network, removing a device, or editing device details in Itron applications. Advanced Metering Manager determines operational states from data gathered from the device and stored in the relational database management system (RDBMS).
Device Support Tools
An Itron team responsible for handling software tools and testing.
device type
A unique identifier for the type of device used in the field.
device under test (DUT)
A manufactured item undergoing testing to determine whether it will function adequately. Also called unit under test (UUT).
DFMEA
See Design Failure Modes Effects and Analysis (DFMEA).
DFT
D-H
See Diffie-Hellman (D-H) key exchange.
DHCP
See Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP).
DI
See distributed intelligence (DI).
dialogic card
A part of each Itron Telephone Solutions Master Station. The dialogic card answers the phone when the Siris device calls and takes the DTMF tones that are sent by the device over the phone line and communicates them in a way that the computer software can interpret. The software then uses the dialogic board to send its commands back to the device (in the form of tones).
DICD
See Distributed Intelligence Code Deployer (DICD).
Diehl Hydrus
A lead-free brass ultrasonic smart water meter for all residential, commercial, and industrial installations.
Diffie-Hellman (D-H) key exchange
A cryptographic key exchange method that enables two agents at each end of a communication exchange to derive a shared, secret key without sending it to the other. Using a common number, both agents use a different random number as a power to raise the common number. After the results are exchanged, the receiving agent raises the received number to the same random power they used before, and the results are the same for both.
diffraction
The radio path between transmitter and receiver, obstructed by surfaces with sharp irregular edges. Waves bend around the obstacle. See also reflection.
Digital Addressable Lighting Interface (DALI)
A lighting technology protocol managed under IEC standard 62386. DALI enables intelligent management of lighting equipment and is incorporated into Smart Street Lighting technologies.
digital certificate
An electronic document that uses public key infrastructure (PKI) to allow an entity to exchange information securely over the Internet. The certificate is signed by a trusted party, thereby binding the key to the entity. Data contained in a certificate can include (but is not limited to) the certificate's serial number, a signature algorithm, credentials that identify the certificate user, the certificate validation and expiration dates, and the public key.
digital line protection (DLP)
A digital protective relay system that provides distance protection for transmission lines.
digital signature algorithm (DSA)
A United States Federal Government standard for digital signatures. DSA is a patented, royalty-free, two- phase key generation method. In the first phase, algorithm parameters are chosen. In the second phase, public keys and private keys are computed.
digital subscriber line (DSL)
A communications technology used to provide high-bandwidth Internet access to homes and small businesses over copper telephone lines.
digital subscriber line access multiplexer (DLSAM)
A network device, usually located in telephone exchanges, that receives signals from multiple customer digital subscriber line (DSL) connections and puts the signals on a high-speed digital communications channel using multiplexing techniques. Depending on the product, DSLAM multiplexers connect DSL lines with some combination of asynchronous transfer mode (ATM), frame relay, or Internet Protocol networks.
DIMP
See Distributed Intelligence Message Processor (DIMP).
DINA
See Distributed Intelligence Network Adapter (DINA).
DINAShim
See Distributed Intelligence Network Adapter Shim (DINAShim).
DIN rail
A metal rail of a standard type widely used for mounting circuit breakers and industrial control equipment inside equipment racks. The term applies to multiple similar standards and was standardized by the Deutsches Institut für Normung (DIN), the German national standards organization.
direct access
The ability of a retail customer to purchase commodity electricity directly from the wholesale market rather than through a local distribution utility.
direct access service request (DASR)
In deregulated energy markets, a request for a final meter reading before the customer switches energy suppliers. The final reading determines the final consumption and billing from the previous supplier.
direct current (DC)
A type of electrical current in which, of the two wires leading to electrical devices, one side of the circuit is always negative and sending electricity while the other side is always positive or neutral. Conversely, in alternating current (AC), the electrical charge alternates between positive and negative. Devices powered by alternating current include three electrical wires of different polarities: negative, positive, and neutral (or ground).
DirectLink
Itron's F1 protocol for Wi-Fi and cellular communication to IntelliPEAK and IntelliTEMP devices.
direct load control (DLC)
The ability of a utility to turn off appliances (such as air conditioners) in a HAN Communications Manager (HCM) network remotely to reduce load during peak periods.
direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS)
Direct sequence spread spectrum systems transmit on a single selected frequency but on a very wide band. Only a small portion of that band is used for specially encoded information. Direct sequence spread spectrum offers an increase of processing gain for significant improvements in range. See also frequency-hopping spread spectrum (FHSS).
Direct-to-Grid
Method of communications that provides demand response (DR) solutions though a Smart Street Lighting integrated into devices such as a load control switch (LCS) or electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE). This allows these devices to communicate directly through the mesh network without going through an Energy Services Interface (ESI).
DIS
See Device Information Service (DIS).
disaster recovery (DR)
The process, policies, and procedures related to preparing for recovery or continuation of technology infrastructure critical to an organization after a disaster.
disconnect
Gas, water, or electricity is not flowing nor being delivered to the customer. Also see connect.
dispatchable work order
A work order that is ready for a field service representative (FSR) to complete. There are no reasons keeping the FSR from going to the meter location to perform the work.
dispatch strategy
A system setting that determines how FDM organizes and manages work order dispatch. You can configure FDM for either of two dispatch strategies: Route supports the organization and dispatch of work orders by route, and District supports the organization and dispatch of work orders by district. Selecting this strategy removes all route-related screens and data from the FDM user interface.
display pane
One of several panes that make up an application’s main window in some software user interfaces. When you select a node in the navigation pane, the corresponding view opens in the display pane. In some cases, the display pane may be subdivided into two sub-panes, a contents pane and a details pane.
disqualifying exception
A work order exception that makes the work order ineligible for export to a utility’s customer information system (CIS).
Distributed Energy Integration Program (DEIP)
In Australia, a collaboration of entities whose purpose is to maximize the value of customers’ distributed energy resources (DERs).
distributed energy management
See Distributed Energy Resource Management System (DERMS).
Distributed Energy Resource Management System (DERMS)
A platform on which distribution system operators run distributed energy resources-based grids.
Distributed Energy Resource (DER)
A power-generation system that typically generates between five kilowatts (kW) and ten megawatts (MW) of electrical energy and consists of modular technologies located at or near the point of energy consumption to reduce the need for the inefficient transport of energy from remote locations over power lines. DER technologies can be used to work with load-management and energy-storage systems to improve the reliability of the electricity grid. Types of DER include but are not limited to photovoltaics, cogeneration, and wind turbines.
Distributed Energy Resource Optimizer (DER Optimizer)
A suite of modules designed to enable utilities to strategically grow their managed electric vehicle (EV) charging programs in scope and sophistication over time to include EV detection, optimized control, and integration of EV charging and management into grid planning.
distributed generation
A distributed generation system that involves small amounts of generation or pieces of generation equipment applied to a utility’s distribution system for the purpose of meeting local peak loads and/or displacing the need to build additional infrastructure. Distributed generation may be in the form of gas or propane generators, fuel cells, or solar.
distributed intelligence (DI)
A system designed to process granular data on edge devices before sending statistics and results of complex analytics (outcomes) across the network to head end systems and applications. The apps provide a user interface where utilities can view, analyze, compare, and forecast their metering conditions based on the outcome data.
See also distributed intelligence (DI) applications.
distributed intelligence (DI) applications
An outcome available to DI customers that is installed on DI-capable meters as two parts: an agent and license. DI applications are licensed, deployed, and managed in Itron Enterprise Application Center (EAC). Outcome data from DI applications is viewed in user interfaces in the DI App Platform.
See also distributed intelligence (DI).
distributed intelligence (DI) app platform
A component of the DI platform that supports the import, storage, and presentation of DI outcomes data.
distributed intelligence (DI) cloud services
A set of DI-supporting services that includes DI Subscription Service (DSS), Configuration Management Service (CMS), Endpoint Management Service (EMS), Group Management Service (GMS), and Application Management Service (AMS).
Distributed Intelligence Code Deployer (DICD)
Provides DI-related logic to the existing Firmware Upgrader (FWU) functionality and enables Distributed Intelligence Network Adapter (DINA) to request agent package downloads.
Distributed Intelligence Developer Key (DDK) meter
A manufacture option available for distributed intelligence (DI)-ready GenX technology electricity meters. DDK meters are manufactured with a script injected that allows the meter to run third-party DI agents without licensing requirements.
Distributed Intelligence Message Processor (DIMP)
A distributed intelligence (DI) platform service for real-time data processing (decode, transform, and operational storage) of messages from Itron-built DI edge applications.
Distributed Intelligence Network Adapter (DINA)
DINA is a software application installed with the UtilityIQ suite that forwards all Itron Enterprise Application Center (EAC) requests to relevant endpoints and delivers metering data from applications that run on Itron Gen5 Riva Meter electricity meters. The DINA user interface provides the ability to create and manage data-collection jobs for supported Itron Gen5 Riva devices. DINA is made up of three services: DINA, DINAShim, and DI Code Deployer (DICD).
Distributed Intelligence Network Adapter Shim (DINAShim)
An intermediary service between Distributed Intelligence Network Adapter (DINA) and the On-Premises Hybrid Service (OHS). It performs translation on all upstream messages for the Itron Enterprise Application Center (EAC). Likewise, all downstream messages from OHS are translated into the formats required for DINA.
Distributed Network Protocol (DNP or DNP3)
An open, standards-based set of communication protocols that enables interoperability between components in process automation systems. Its main use is in the electric utility industry processes that exist between substations, outstations, and master stations. Widely used in Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA) networks for communications between a master station and remote terminal unit (RTU)s or intelligent electronic device (IED)s.
Distribution Automation (DA)
The automatic monitoring and control of a utility’s distribution feeders and equipment such as switches, reclosers, and capacitor bank controllers. See also Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA).
Distribution Automation (DA) Essentials
A streamlined DA offering for the mid-tier market extending Itron's Distribution Automation capabilities to the cooperative and municipal markets.
Distribution Equipment Hierarchy (DEH)
An Itron-developed API that defines how service points and other system equipment are electrically connected. Generally, DEH indicates which service points connect to which transformers, which transformers are in which feeder sections, which sections make up a feeder, and which feeders are on a substation.
distribution feeder
An electrical supply line in the electric utility distribution system (either overhead or underground) that carries power from the substation, through various paths, to the consumer.
distribution line
A power line or system for distributing power from a transmission system to a customer.
distribution management system (DMS)
Systems that consist of a distribution automation system, and which can include a superior dispatching automation system, production management system, GIS, marketing management system, 95598 customer service system, and so on.
distribution power
A packaged power unit located at the point of demand. While the technology is still evolving, examples include fuel cells and photovoltaic cells.
Distribution Transformer Awareness
A solution that diagnoses transformer conditions, monitors performance, pinpoints anomalies at the transformer asset level, provides information on the quality of supply, enables energy diversion detection, and allows identification of meter-to-transformer and meter-to-phase detection.
Distribution Transformer Monitor (DTM)
A hardware device deployed in electric distribution systems to improve grid management, balance loads, and detect outages, power losses, and theft.
district
An organizational or geographical subdivision of a utility.
Diversion Detection
Itron's Active Smart Grid Analytics (ASA) user interface that leverages SAP Business Intelligence analytics applications to employ a variety of methods for utilities to analyze meter alerts, energy and voltage measurements, energy balancing and historic usage patterns to identify energy diversion and meter tampering on a system-wide scale.
DKUS
See decryption and key update server (DKUS).
DKUSD
decryption and key update server daemon
A program that uses a transport layer security (TLS) connection to manage communications between the OpenWay decryption and key update server (DKUS) and the OpenWay Collection Engine (CE).
DKUS daemon
A program that uses a transport layer security (TLS) connection to manage communications between the OpenWaydecryption and key update server (DKUS) and the OpenWay Collection Engine (CE).
DLC
See direct load control (DLC).
DLCA
See Driver’s License Certificate Authority (DLCA).
DLL
See dynamic link library (DLL).
DLMS
See Device Language Message Specification (DLMS).
DLP
See digital line protection (DLP).
DMS
See Device Management Service (DMS).
See distribution management system (DMS).
DNP
See Distributed Network Protocol (DNP or DNP3).
DNP3
See Distributed Network Protocol (DNP or DNP3).
DNS
dock
A hardware device that provides storage, communications, and battery charging for a handheld data collector in an office or vehicle.
Also called a cradle.
DOE
See Department of Energy (DOE).
See Dynamic Operating Envelopes (DOE).
domain
A subject area or area of activity that is addressed by a software application. Each domain provides access to the views, functions, and data necessary to perform the tasks associated with that domain. In FDM the permissions granted to your user account determine which application domains you have access to and which domain features you can use.
Also called a workbench or dashboard.
domain, database
A description of an attribute’s allowed values. All possible values for a particular field for all records in the database.
domain, Internet
A group of computers whose Internet Protocol (IP) addresses share the same domain name. The domain name is the last part of the address; for example, .com, .org, .ca, .au.
domain name system (DNS)
An Internet service that translates alphanumeric domain names into numeric IP addresses. For example, the alphanumeric domain translated to its IP address through DNS is 192.124.249.65.
domain, network
A group of computers and devices on a network that share a common communications address, can be accessed and administered with a common set of rules, and are under the control of one security database. Permissions that grant access to network resources are maintained in one or more servers called domain controllers. Users are only required to log on to a domain to gain access to its resources.
downstream/upstream
Refers to the relationship between devices along the route. Downstream refers to moving toward a meter. Upstream means moving toward an Access Point. See also child and path.
DR
See demand response (DR).
DRE
See Demand Response Enrollment (DRE) Portal.
drift
A slow change of a metrological characteristic of a measuring instrument.
drive-by
A method of reading an electric, gas, or water meter using a radio that is mounted in a vehicle. The meters are read when the vehicle passes in the vicinity of a meter that is equipped with an ERT module.
drive dog
A clamp securing a piece of work and engaging with a slot in a faceplate.
drive dog, ERT module
A mechanical component of a gas module driven by the meter drive dog which rotates as gas passes through the meter. The meter drive dog turns the Encoder/Receiver/Transmitter (ERT) module wriggler and shaft. The wriggler and shaft turns the module's drive dog. The module’s microprocessor (counter) interprets the rotating shaft/wriggler/module drive dog as a measure of gas consumption.
drive dog, meter
The rotating, mechanical interface on a gas meter that directly engages an index or Encoder/Receiver/Transmitter (ERT) module wriggler. As gas passes through the meter, the drive dog rotates. The drive dog’s rotation turns the index dials or the ERT module's wriggler, which increments the index dials or ERT module to record gas consumption.
driver’s license
A digital identification given to an Itron NIC that certifies that the node is in a System Trusted state and is allowed to join the network. See also birth certificate and Operator certificate.
Driver’s License Certificate Authority (DLCA)
A program located in the back office of a utility that issues a certificate (called a driver’s license), which allows a network node to become a member of that network. DLCA is a requirement for link layer security, and is part of Shared Services Components (SSC).
DRLC
See demand response / load control (DRLC).
DRM
See Demand Response Manager (DRM).
DRMS
See demand response management system (DRMS).
DRN
See demand response notification (DRN).
DRT
DSA
See digital signature algorithm (DSA).
DSL
See digital subscriber line (DSL).
DSLAM
See digital subscriber line access multiplexer (DLSAM).
DSM
See demand-side management (DSM).
DSSS
See direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS).
DST
See daylight saving time (DST).
DTA
See Data Transfer Agent (DTA).
DTM
See Distribution Transformer Monitor (DTM).
dual-band antenna (oil filter)
A low-profile omnidirectional antenna that can be used as a NAN or WAN antenna. The dual-band antenna is designed for outdoor wireless networks operating in either the cellular band or 2.4 GHz frequency range.
dual-band body mount antenna
An external, wireless antenna that operates in both 900 MHz and 2.4 GHz.
dual-band dipole antenna
A 3 dBi omnidirectional antenna that can be used in ISM bands to maximize the coverage radius.
DUT
duty cycle
The ratio of active time to total time in electrical systems (such as motors, refrigerators, and air conditioners). Modifications to heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) system duty cycles can be made through demand response applications such as HAN Communications Manager (HCM) to reduce load at one or more customer premises.
dW
See deciwatt (dW).
dWh
See deciwatt hours (dWh).
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
An automatic configuration protocol used on IP networks.
dynamic link library (DLL)
An executable program module in Microsoft® Windows® operating systems that performs one or more functions when executed by the operating system. A DLL may be called by an executable program or another DLL.
Dynamic Operating Envelopes (DOE)
A mechanism for orchestrating and coordinating bi-directional energy flows into the grid by providing upper and lower bounds on the import or export of power in a given time interval for each distributed asset or customer connection point.